Difference Between Mild Steel and Stainless Steel
- Fortran Steel
- Nov 21
- 8 min read
Steel is at the heart of India’s infrastructure and manufacturing industries, from towering buildings and bridges to pipelines, appliances, and medical equipment. Among the various types of steel used today, mild steel and stainless steel are the most widely applied.
Though often confused due to their appearance, they serve very different functions.
The right choice can affect not just performance but also durability, cost, and long-term reliability. For engineers, buyers, and builders, knowing when to use each one is essential.
This guide breaks down the difference between mild steel and stainless steel to help you choose based on real-world needs and trusted suppliers, including the top steel-producing companies in India.
Let’s explore how these two steel types compare across composition, strength, cost, and application.
What Is Mild Steel?
Mild steel is a type of low-carbon steel that typically contains between 0.05% and 0.25% carbon. This simple composition contributes to its excellent weldability, flexibility, and ease of machining. Due to these characteristics, it is widely used in industries where strength and formability are more important than corrosion resistance.
The chemical composition of mild steel and stainless steel is a major factor that distinguishes them. Mild steel has higher iron content with minimal alloying elements, making it magnetic and easier to fabricate. However, it requires coatings like paint or galvanization to prevent rust, especially in outdoor or humid environments.
The properties of mild steel and stainless steel also differ in surface durability. While stainless steel offers built-in corrosion protection, mild steel relies on external treatments but provides a solid strength-to-cost advantage. Mild steel is suitable for structural work, automotive parts, and load-bearing applications due to its hardness.
Among the many uses of mild steel vs stainless steel, mild steel is often preferred in general fabrication, construction frameworks, pipelines, and components where high strength is needed but corrosion resistance is not a priority
Fortran Steel’s Mild Steel Range Includes:
MS Hot Rolled Bars – For beams, channels, and structural steelwork
MS Bright Bars – Precision bars for machining and component manufacturing
MS TMT Bars – Reinforcement bars used in RCC and infrastructure
MS Sheets & Coils – Available in multiple grades and finishes for fabrication and roofing
MS Wires – HB wires, HHB wires, and CO₂ welding wires for industrial and structural use
What Is Stainless Steel?
Stainless steel is an iron-based alloy that contains a minimum of 10.5% chromium, which forms a thin, invisible layer of chromium oxide on the surface. This layer protects the metal from moisture and air, giving stainless steel its well-known corrosion resistance and extending its service life even in harsh environments.
The corrosion resistance of stainless steel makes it an ideal material for various industrial applications, including food processing, pharmaceuticals, chemical plants, architecture, and marine engineering. It performs reliably in conditions where mild steel would rust without a protective coating.
Another important feature is the stainless steel magnetic properties, which vary based on grade. Austenitic grades, such as 304 and 316, are generally non-magnetic, while ferritic and martensitic grades, like 410 or 430, exhibit magnetic behavior.
When comparing stainless steel vs MS steel, stainless steel offers better performance in outdoor, wet, and high-hygiene settings. While it is more expensive upfront, its long-term durability and minimal maintenance make it a smart investment for critical applications.
Fortran Steel’s Stainless Steel Range Includes:
SS Bright Bars – Used in precision shafts, fasteners, and machined parts
SS Coils, Sheets & Plates – For cladding, kitchen equipment, and structural use
SS Seamless & ERW Pipes & Tubes – Suitable for fluid transport, food-grade lines, and architectural piping
SS Threaded Bars – For structural anchoring and industrial fittings
SS MIG/TIG Wires – Used for clean, corrosion-resistant welds in fabrication and repair
Mild Steel vs Stainless Steel: 6 Key Differences
1. Chemical Composition & Alloying Elements
The internal makeup of each steel type defines how it performs, resists wear, and responds to treatment.
The chemical composition of mild steel and stainless steel is the core differentiator.
Mild steel contains 0.05% to 0.25% carbon with minimal alloying elements.
Stainless steel has chromium (at least 10.5%) and may include nickel or molybdenum.
This MS vs SS steel difference also affects their mechanical structure and grade selection.
The mechanical properties of mild steel vs stainless steel vary depending on alloy content and heat treatment.
Mild steel is part of the broader carbon steel category, which helps clarify the differences between carbon steel, stainless steel, and mild steel.
2. Corrosion Resistance
Corrosion behaviour influences where and how each steel type can be used.
Stainless steel forms a self-protecting chromium oxide layer.
It performs well in moist environments, chemical settings, and marine conditions.
Mild steel is prone to rust unless coated or painted.
Galvanized and pre-painted coils improve its outdoor durability.
Stainless options are preferred where hygiene or exposure is critical.
The corrosion resistance of mild steel versus stainless steel is often the deciding factor for outdoor or hygiene-sensitive environments.
3. Strength & Hardness
Strength and hardness vary by grade but affect performance in structural use.
The tensile strength of mild steel vs stainless steel differs based on application.
Stainless steel generally provides higher tensile strength and load resistance.
Mild steel or stainless steel, which is stronger, depends on the grade used.
TMT bars offer reliable strength in civil construction.
The hardness of mild steel vs stainless steel impacts shaping, wear resistance, and machining.
4. Price in India (Raw & Fabricated)
Cost is a deciding factor for bulk buyers and contractors.
The price of stainless steel versus mild steel in India varies based on alloying materials, thickness, and finish.
A clear price comparison of mild steel and stainless steel in India helps plan both short-term and long-term budgets.
The price gap between stainless steel and mild steel narrows when factoring in life cycle and maintenance costs.
5. Fabrication & Weldability
Workability determines which steel is best suited for your equipment and process.
Welding mild steel to stainless steel requires skilled handling and the use of specific filler materials.
Mild steel is easier to bend, cut, and weld, making it ideal for mass fabrication.
For stainless steel vs. mild steel fabrication, the choice depends on corrosion requirements, aesthetic finish, and load conditions.
Bright bars and MIG/TIG wires from Fortran are suited for both types.
6. Magnetic & Thermal Properties
Thermal and magnetic behaviour impacts electrical and industrial uses.
Mild steel is fully magnetic and suitable for applications needing ferromagnetic properties.
The stainless steel magnetic properties depend on the grade; some are magnetic, others are not.
The electrical conductivity of stainless steel vs mild steel shows that mild steel is a better conductor.
The thermal conductivity of mild steel and stainless steel affects applications exposed to high heat.
Use Case Comparison Table
This side-by-side table shows how each steel type performs in practical applications.
Feature | Mild Steel | Stainless Steel |
Carbon Content | 0.05%–0.25% | Up to 1.2% + Chromium/Nickel |
Corrosion Resistance | Needs coating (GI, PPGI) | Naturally resistant |
Strength | Moderate | Higher (304, 316 grades) |
Surface Hardness | Good | Higher in hardened SS grades |
Cost | Lower upfront | Higher upfront, lower maintenance |
Weight | Slightly heavier per volume | Varies by grade, can be lighter |
Weldability | Excellent | Grade-dependent |
Appearance | Dull finish | Shiny, polished surface |
Applications | Construction, pipelines, machines | Marine, food, pharma, architecture |
Read Next - Galvanized Steel vs. Stainless Steel
When Should You Use Mild Steel or Stainless Steel?
The right steel depends on your environment, performance needs, and long-term cost considerations. Here's a clear breakdown to help you make an informed decision.
1. Choose Mild Steel when:
Your project requires strength at a lower material cost
The application is indoors or not exposed to moisture, chemicals, or salt air
You're building general structures, machine frames, or fabrication parts
Coating or painting is acceptable to improve rust resistance
Fortran Tip: Use MS TMT Bars or Hot Rolled Bars for construction frameworks, foundations, and reinforcements
2. Choose Stainless Steel when:
The environment involves water, humidity, chemicals, or temperature fluctuations
The project needs corrosion resistance without additional coatings
You're designing for food, medical, or cleanroom-grade standards
Aesthetic finish, hygiene, and long-term maintenance savings are priorities
Fortran Tip: Use SS Plates, Pipes, or Coils for pharma units, marine structures, kitchens, or visible fittings
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Conclusion
Mild steel and stainless steel each serve a different purpose in construction and manufacturing. Mild steel is a cost-effective, strong, and easy-to-work-with material, making it ideal for structural applications. Stainless steel is more expensive but resists rust, making it perfect for kitchens, marine projects, and hygiene-focused industries.
The choice depends on your budget, environment, and long-term goals. If you need reliable supply, quality products, and expert support, Fortran Steel can help. We offer both mild and stainless steel in bulk with complete technical assistance. Contact us today to find the right material for your next project.
FAQs
1. What is the main difference between mild steel and stainless steel?
The main difference lies in their chemical composition. Mild steel is a low-carbon steel suitable for general use, while stainless steel contains chromium, which gives it excellent corrosion resistance and a polished appearance.
2. Is stainless steel stronger than mild steel?
Yes, stainless steel typically has higher tensile strength, especially in grades such as 304 and 316. Mild steel is still strong, but it’s more suitable for general-purpose construction and fabrication.
3. Why is stainless steel more expensive than mild steel?
Stainless steel incorporates alloying elements such as chromium and nickel, which enhance its corrosion resistance and durability. These additions increase manufacturing costs, which is why stainless steel is more expensive.
4. Can you weld mild steel to stainless steel?
Yes, welding mild steel to stainless steel is possible using proper filler metals and controlled techniques. It’s important to consult a trusted fabricator or steel company in India for best practices.
5. Which one rusts faster, mild steel or stainless steel?
Mild steel rusts faster when exposed to moisture unless coated or galvanized. Stainless steel, thanks to its chromium content, resists rust naturally and performs better in humid or coastal conditions.
6. What are the uses of mild steel and stainless steel in manufacturing?
The uses of mild steel vs stainless steel vary. Mild steel is ideal for frames, machine parts, and general construction. Stainless steel is suitable for applications in cleanrooms, kitchens, and areas requiring rust resistance.
7. Is mild steel rustproof like stainless steel?
No, mild steel is not rustproof like stainless steel. Without surface treatment, it will corrode over time. Stainless steel remains corrosion-resistant even in harsh conditions.
8. What is the stainless steel vs mild steel price in India?
The prices of stainless steel and mild steel in India differ based on grade and market rates. Mild steel is more cost-effective initially, while stainless steel has higher upfront costs but a longer life.
9. How do I decide between stainless steel and mild steel for construction?
Choose mild steel for standard structures and cost-focused projects. Use stainless steel in damp, coastal, or hygiene-sensitive areas. If you're unsure, reach out to us—our team can guide you based on your requirements.
10. Which is better for kitchen equipment mild steel or stainless steel?
Stainless steel is preferred for kitchens due to its clean finish, corrosion resistance, and hygiene standards. Mild steel is not recommended where frequent exposure to food or water is expected.
11. Which industries typically use stainless steel?
Stainless steel is utilized in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, food processing, marine engineering, healthcare, and architecture. It’s valued for strength, cleanliness, and corrosion resistance.
12. What are the magnetic properties of mild steel and stainless steel?
Mild steel is magnetic. Stainless steel’s magnetic properties depend on its grade. Austenitic grades like 304 are non-magnetic, while ferritic grades like 430 are magnetic.
13. What’s the difference in weight between mild steel and stainless steel?
The weight of stainless steel is slightly higher than that of mild steel due to its alloy content. However, the difference is minimal in most structural applications.
14. Where can I buy stainless steel or mild steel in bulk in India?
You can contact Fortran Steel, a reputable steel company in India, for bulk orders. We offer a comprehensive range of mild and stainless steel products, backed by quality assurance.
15. Who are the top stainless steel and mild steel manufacturers in India? Fortran Steel is among the top stainless steel and mild steel manufacturers in India, known for consistent supply, competitive pricing, and a wide range of industrial products. Speak to our team today to discuss your project needs.
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